JOURNAL INFORMATION · PUBLISHING POLICIES
Artificial Intelligence (AI) Policy
Responsible use of artificial intelligence in scholarly research, peer review, and editorial practice.
Use by Authors
Authors must use artificial intelligence tools responsibly. AI tools must not be listed as authors because they cannot take responsibility for the accuracy, integrity, and originality of a scholarly work.
Disclosure
Authors should disclose material use of generative AI tools in writing, analysis, coding, image generation, or other substantive research tasks, in accordance with the journal’s submission instructions. The disclosure should identify the tool and describe how it was used. Routine spelling or grammar assistance may be treated according to the journal’s specific instructions.
Accountability and Verification
Authors remain fully responsible for all submitted content, including references, quotations, data, interpretations, and any AI-assisted material. They must verify accuracy, check for fabricated citations, protect confidential information, and ensure that the use of AI does not violate privacy, copyright, or research ethics.
Use by Reviewers and Editors
Reviewers and editors must protect manuscript confidentiality and must not upload confidential manuscripts or peer-review materials to external AI systems where doing so could expose unpublished or sensitive information. AI tools must not replace independent expert judgment or determine editorial decisions autonomously.
Misuse
Undisclosed or inappropriate AI use may be addressed under the journal’s publication ethics procedures. The journal may request clarification or additional information when necessary.